HomVEE calculated significance
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations.
Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2019
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental health - Anxiety: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 2.56 | Unadjusted mean = 2.56 | MD = 0.00 | HomVEE calculated = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Mental health - Depression: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 2.01 | Unadjusted mean = 2.02 | MD = -0.01 | HomVEE calculated = -0.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.95 |
HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Mental health - Emotional stability: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 3.75 | Unadjusted mean = 3.74 | MD = 0.01 | HomVEE calculated = 0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.90 |
HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Mental health - Positive well-being: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 3.78 | Unadjusted mean = 3.79 | MD = -0.01 | HomVEE calculated = -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.90 |
HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anxiety (MHI), 24 months postpartum, standardized | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.10 | Adjusted mean = 100.30 | Mean difference = -1.20 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Depression (MHI), 24 months postpartum, standardized | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.50 | Adjusted mean = 100.10 | Mean difference = -0.06 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Diastolic blood pressure | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 66.80 | Adjusted mean = 67.50 | Mean difference = -0.70 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote9This mean difference, calculated by <abbr title="Home Visiting Evidence of Effectiveness">HomVEE</abbr>, is within |0.01| of the difference reported by the authors, with the discrepancy likely due to rounding error. |
Gestational weight gain | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 14.60 | Adjusted mean = 14.90 | Mean difference = -0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Number of Gardnerella infections | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.06 | Adjusted mean = 0.07 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of hospitalizations during pregnancy | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.15 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = 0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of sexually transmitted diseases | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.22 | Adjusted mean = 0.21 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of yeast infections | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.14 | Adjusted mean = 0.19 | Mean difference = -0.05 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Obstetrical evaluation visits (total) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 2.80 | Adjusted mean = 2.80 | Mean difference = 0.00 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote9This mean difference, calculated by <abbr title="Home Visiting Evidence of Effectiveness">HomVEE</abbr>, is within |0.01| of the difference reported by the authors, with the discrepancy likely due to rounding error. |
Pearlin Mastery, 24 months postpartum, standardized | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.60 | Adjusted mean = 99.40 | Mean difference = 2.20 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
|
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | % (adjusted) = 13.00 | Adjusted mean % = 20.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomVEE calculated = -0.31 | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
Spontaneous abortion, 0–24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | OR = 1.50 | HomVEE calculated = 0.32 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
Standard prenatal care visits (total) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 6.20 | Adjusted mean = 6.50 | Mean difference = -0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Subsequent live birth, 0–24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 22.00 | Adjusted mean % = 31.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomVEE calculated = -0.28 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
Subsequent pregnancy, 0-24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 36.00 | Adjusted mean % = 47.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomVEE calculated = -0.28 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
Systolic blood pressure | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 111.70 | Adjusted mean = 112.60 | Mean difference = -0.90 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Therapeutic abortion, 0–24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 2.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | OR = 0.50 | HomVEE calculated = -0.43 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of months between birth or first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 30.25 | Adjusted mean = 26.60 | Mean difference = 3.65 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.01 |
|
Number of subsequent live births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.85 | Adjusted mean = 0.96 | Mean difference = -0.11 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.15 | Adjusted mean = 1.34 | Mean difference = -0.19 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies with short intervals (< 6 months from previous delivery or termination) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.22 | Adjusted mean = 0.32 | Mean difference = -0.10 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of subsequent spontaneous abortions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Mean difference = -0.12 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of subsequent still births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.01 | Adjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of subsequent therapeutic abortions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Mean difference = -0.05 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote3Authors report the difference in this outcome to be statistically significant, p < 0.10, which is greater than the acceptable alpha for this review (α = 0.05). |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of substance use impairments | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.34 | Adjusted mean = 0.43 | Mean difference = -0.09 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Months between birth of first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 39.80 | Adjusted mean = 37.30 | Mean difference = 2.50 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Months between birth of first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 41.70 | Adjusted mean = 37.30 | Mean difference = 4.40 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
Subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.40 | Adjusted mean = 1.60 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.30 | Adjusted mean = 1.60 | Mean difference = -0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
Subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.70 | Adjusted mean = 2.10 | Mean difference = -0.40 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
Subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.90 | Adjusted mean = 2.10 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Substance use impairments since birth of first child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.45 | Adjusted mean = 0.43 | Mean difference = 0.02 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average weight gain (pounds) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Prepregnancy to last prenatal visit | Full (Elmira) | 289 mothers | Mean = 35.71 | Mean = 32.78 | Mean difference = 2.93 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Bladder infection (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 306 mothers | Mean % = 10.00 | Mean % = 6.00 | Mean difference = 4.00 | HomVEE calculated = 0.34 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Change in average adequacy of diet (percentage RDA) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to week 32 | Full (Elmira) | 253 mothers | Mean = 4.14 | Mean = -0.33 | Mean difference = 3.81 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
|
Change in blood pressure | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to last prenatal visit | Full (Elmira) | 295 mothers | Mean = 7.60 | Mean = 7.13 | Mean difference = -0.47 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Change in percentage experienced bleeding | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
First to third trimester | Full (Elmira) | 295 mothers | = 0.00 | = 0.05 | Mean difference = 5.00 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote150High score equals unfavorable. |
Change in percentage experienced spotting | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
First to third trimester | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | = -0.03 | = -0.06 | Mean difference = -3.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.40 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Edema (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 62.00 | Mean % = 58.00 | Mean difference = 0.04 | HomVEE calculated = 0.10 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Hematocrit (percentage, last before delivery) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 36.76 | Mean % = 36.67 | Mean difference = 0.09 | HomVEE calculated = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 4.00 | Mean % = 7.00 | Mean difference = -3.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.36 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Kidney infection (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 306 mothers | Mean % = 0.00 | Mean % = 3.00 | Mean difference = -3.00 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.01 |
|
Number alcoholic drinks per week (average change) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to week 32 | Full (Elmira) | 293 mothers | Mean = -0.04 | Mean = -0.06 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Number of antepartum visits | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
32 weeks | Full (Elmira) | 292 mothers | Mean = 10.49 | Mean = 10.50 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Number of calls to physician/clinic | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
32 weeks | Full (Elmira) | 292 mothers | Mean = 1.43 | Mean = 1.72 | Mean difference = -0.29 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Proteinuria (≥ 2+, percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 5.00 | Mean % = 3.00 | Mean difference = 2.00 | HomVEE calculated = 0.32 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of births including first born (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 216 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.65 | Adjusted mean = 1.85 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of births including first born (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 203 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.77 | Adjusted mean = 1.85 | Mean difference = -0.08 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Number of months between first and second child (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 216 mothers | Adjusted mean = 40.76 | Adjusted mean = 37.11 | Mean difference = 3.65 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of months between first and second child (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 203 mothers | Adjusted mean = 41.58 | Adjusted mean = 37.11 | Mean difference = 4.47 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Number of pregnancies (0–22 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 188 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.31 | Adjusted mean = 0.44 | Mean difference = -0.13 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Number of pregnancies (0–22 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 196 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.38 | Adjusted mean = 0.44 | Mean difference = -0.06 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of pregnancies (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 205 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.82 | Adjusted mean = 1.06 | Mean difference = -0.24 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of pregnancies (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 194 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.90 | Adjusted mean = 1.06 | Mean difference = -0.16 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Number of spontaneous abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 205 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = -0.03 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of spontaneous abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 194 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
Number of therapeutic abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 205 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
Number of therapeutic abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 194 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol or other drug use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 10.00 | Adjusted mean % = 10.00 | OR = 0.91 | HomVEE calculated = -0.05 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Cumulative subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
0 to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.07 | Adjusted mean = 1.15 | Mean difference = -0.08 | HomVEE calculated = -1.69 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Cumulative subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
10 to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.80 | Adjusted mean = 1.83 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -0.42 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.07 | Adjusted mean = 99.56 | Mean difference = 1.51 | HomVEE calculated = 2.80 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.04 | Adjusted mean = 99.60 | Mean difference = 1.44 | HomVEE calculated = 4.30 | Statistically significant, p < .05 |
Role impairment due to alcohol or drug use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 0.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | Difference = -0.03 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < .05 |
Symptoms of psychological distress (borderline/clinical vs. normal) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 18.00 | Adjusted mean % = 17.00 | OR = 1.09 | HomVEE calculated = 0.05 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MHI | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.18 | Adjusted mean = 99.92 | Mean difference = 0.26 | Study reported = 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.76 |
|
Behavioral problems attributable to substance abuse | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 4.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | OR = 0.94 | HomVEE calculated = -0.03 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.88 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Currently uses marijuana | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | OR = 1.37 | HomVEE calculated = 0.19 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.47 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks = 3 times per month) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | OR = 2.03 | HomVEE calculated = 0.44 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.11 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Months between births of first and second children | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 34.38 | Adjusted mean = 30.23 | Mean difference = 4.15 | Study reported = 0.26 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
|
Number of subsequent children (birth to 72 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.08 | Adjusted mean = 1.28 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Study reported = -0.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies (birth to 72 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.16 | Adjusted mean = 1.38 | Mean difference = -0.22 | Study reported = -0.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
|
Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.46 | Adjusted mean = 99.79 | Mean difference = 0.67 | Study reported = 0.07 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.43 |
|
Subsequent abortion (rate per subsequent pregnancy) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 4.00 | Adjusted mean % = 5.00 | OR = 0.70 | HomVEE calculated = -0.23 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.42 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Subsequent miscarriage (rate per subsequent pregnancy) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 3.00 | Adjusted mean % = 5.00 | OR = 0.75 | HomVEE calculated = -0.27 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.50 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cumulative subsequent live birth per year (6–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy during infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.40 | Adjusted mean = 1.53 | Mean difference = -0.13 | Study reported = -0.16 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.17 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Cumulative subsequent live births per year (0–9 yr postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.81 | Adjusted mean = 0.93 | Mean difference = -0.12 | Study reported = -0.14 | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Maternal depression (CES-D) (9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.71 | Adjusted mean = 1.72 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Study reported = -0.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Number of months between birth of first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 40.73 | Adjusted mean = 34.09 | Mean difference = 6.64 | Study reported = 0.29 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Number of subsequent abortions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.14 | Adjusted mean = 0.20 | Mean difference = -0.06 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.15 |
footnote4Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio. |
Number of subsequent miscarriages (0–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.24 | Adjusted mean = 0.24 | Mean difference = 0.00 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
footnote4Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio. |
Number of substances used (moderate/heavy alcohol, marijuana, cocaine) since last interview | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.17 | Mean difference = -0.07 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.08 |
footnote4Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio. |
Pearlin Mastery Scale (9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.79 | Adjusted mean = 99.75 | Mean difference = 1.04 | Study reported = 0.10 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.20 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Pearlin Mastery Scale (6 months–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.00 | Adjusted mean = 99.50 | Mean difference = 1.53 | Study reported = 0.15 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Subsequent still birth (0–9 years postpartum), percentage | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | % (adjusted) = 1.00 | Adjusted mean % = 2.00 | Mean difference = -1.00 | Study reported = 1.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.36 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subsequent birth (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 436 mothers | % (adjusted) = 12.00 | Adjusted mean % = 19.00 | OR = 0.58 | HomVEE calculated = -0.33 | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
Subsequent pregnancy (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 436 mothers | % (adjusted) = 29.00 | Adjusted mean % = 41.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomVEE calculated = -0.32 | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MHI | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.82 | Adjusted mean = 99.16 | Mean difference = 0.66 | Study reported = 0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.49 |
Behavioral problems attributable to substance use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.15 | = 0.12 | OR = 1.27 | HomVEE calculated = 0.15 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.41 |
Currently using marijuana | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.08 | = 0.09 | OR = 0.86 | HomVEE calculated = -0.09 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.67 |
Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks, = 3 times in 14 days) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.04 | = 0.04 | OR = 1.09 | HomVEE calculated = 0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.84 |
Months between births of first and second children | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 24.51 | Adjusted mean = 20.39 | Mean difference = 4.12 | Study reported = 0.32 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
Number of subsequent live births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.48 | Adjusted mean = 0.57 | Mean difference = -0.09 | Study reported = -0.13 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.18 |
Number of subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.85 | Adjusted mean = 0.88 | Mean difference = -0.03 | Study reported = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.72 |
Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.41 | Adjusted mean = 99.31 | Mean difference = 0.10 | Study reported = 0.12 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.91 |
Subsequent abortion | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.05 | = 0.05 | OR = 0.94 | HomVEE calculated = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.89 |
Subsequent miscarriage | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.09 | = 0.12 | OR = 0.73 | HomVEE calculated = -0.19 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.31 |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subsequent birth (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 417 mothers | % (adjusted) = 13.00 | Adjusted mean % = 19.00 | OR = 0.63 | HomVEE calculated = -0.27 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 | footnote3Authors report the difference in this outcome to be statistically significant, p < 0.10, which is greater than the acceptable alpha for this review (α = 0.05). |
Subsequent pregnancy (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 417 mothers | % (adjusted) = 33.00 | Adjusted mean % = 41.00 | OR = 0.70 | HomVEE calculated = -0.21 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 | footnote3Authors report the difference in this outcome to be statistically significant, p < 0.10, which is greater than the acceptable alpha for this review (α = 0.05). |
Use of emergency services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 344 mothers | % (adjusted) = 9.00 | Adjusted mean % = 9.00 | OR = 1.01 | HomVEE calculated = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
|
Use of preventative services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 344 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.67 | Adjusted mean = 0.69 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol impairment score | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | 300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 0.35 | Unadjusted mean = 0.37 | MD = -0.02 | HomVEE calculated = -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 | HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Substance use - # cigarettes smoked per day | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | 300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 8.32 | Unadjusted mean = 10.56 | MD = -2.24 | HomVEE calculated = -0.21 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.11 | HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Substance use - binge drinking: # days had 5+ drinks in the past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | 300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 11.70 | Unadjusted mean = 9.27 | MD = 2.43 | HomVEE calculated = 0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.65 | HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Use of emergency services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 353 mothers | % (adjusted) = 6.00 | Adjusted mean % = 9.00 | OR = 0.64 | HomVEE calculated = -0.27 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Use of preventative services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 353 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.80 | Adjusted mean = 0.69 | Mean difference = 0.11 | HomVEE calculated = 0.09 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
21 year maternal mortality rate - all causes (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.01 | Unadjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -0.69 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
21 year maternal mortality rate - all causes (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.01 | Unadjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -0.69 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
21 year maternal mortality rate - all causes (Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 910 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.04 | HomVEE calculated = -1.41 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
21 year maternal mortality rate - external cause (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.01 | HomVEE calculated = -1.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.02 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
21 year maternal mortality rate - external cause (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.01 | HomVEE calculated = -1.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.02 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
21 year maternal mortality rate - external cause (Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 910 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.05 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MHI | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.20 | Adjusted mean = 99.16 | Mean difference = 0.66 | Study reported = -0.03 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 |
Behavioral problems attributable to substance use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.10 | = 0.12 | OR = 0.82 | HomVEE calculated = -0.12 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.52 |
Currently using marijuana | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison, (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.09 | = 0.09 | OR = 0.94 | HomVEE calculated = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 |
Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks, = 3 times in 14 days) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.03 | = 0.04 | OR = 0.74 | HomVEE calculated = -0.21 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.54 |
Months between births of first and second children | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 22.20 | Adjusted mean = 20.39 | Mean difference = 1.81 | Study reported = 0.14 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.27 |
Number of subsequent live births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.53 | Adjusted mean = 0.57 | Mean difference = -0.04 | Study reported = -0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.57 |
Number of subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.88 | Adjusted mean = 0.88 | Mean difference = 0.00 | Study reported = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.20 | Adjusted mean = 99.31 | Mean difference = 1.94 | Study reported = 0.20 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 |
Subsequent abortion | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.06 | = 0.05 | OR = 1.19 | HomVEE calculated = 0.10 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.67 |
Subsequent miscarriage | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.07 | = 0.12 | OR = 0.50 | HomVEE calculated = -0.42 | Statistically significant, p = 0.04 |